Crystal Palace + Khan's Tent. The Symbol Of The New Moscow From Lord Foster Was Shown On December 14 At A Meeting Of The Public Council Under The Mayor Of Moscow

Crystal Palace + Khan's Tent. The Symbol Of The New Moscow From Lord Foster Was Shown On December 14 At A Meeting Of The Public Council Under The Mayor Of Moscow
Crystal Palace + Khan's Tent. The Symbol Of The New Moscow From Lord Foster Was Shown On December 14 At A Meeting Of The Public Council Under The Mayor Of Moscow

Video: Crystal Palace + Khan's Tent. The Symbol Of The New Moscow From Lord Foster Was Shown On December 14 At A Meeting Of The Public Council Under The Mayor Of Moscow

Video: Crystal Palace + Khan's Tent. The Symbol Of The New Moscow From Lord Foster Was Shown On December 14 At A Meeting Of The Public Council Under The Mayor Of Moscow
Video: The New Moscow 2024, March
Anonim

The cultural and business center "Crystal Island" should be located in the eastern part of the Nagatinskaya floodplain, in an open natural space surrounded by water, not far from Andropov Avenue. This is an alien-looking structure - a wide base in the form of an "inverted flower" with 12 petals, about 400 m in diameter, smoothly turning into a spire at the top, the weaving of metal structures in the upper part of which is likened to the Shukhov Tower. All together, most of all, it resembles a glass-metal tent, stretched on a single giant support in the center - it is not surprising that the project was originally proposed to China and Kazakhstan - the "steppe" associations are obvious here. Actually, in Astana, a similar project is called "Khan's Tents Entertainment Center" … Lord Foster, apparently, decided to show the forgotten Golden Horde essence of Russian territories by marrying this theme with a century and a half dream of a crystal palace. Many at school read Chernyshevsky, who thought that as soon as we got the Crystal Palace, which was already in London then, but not in Russia, then everything would be all right. Now, apparently, thanks to the efforts of the famous English lord, such a palace will finally appear, and even in the company of the original khan's tent.

The height of the wide and glazed part of the "tent" is about 150 m, to which is added another 300 m of the metal structure of the spire, which turns out to be twice as high as the base, and the total height is 450 m. This is a kind of compromise: in absolute terms, the building is high-rise, but visually - rather wide and spread on the ground. It was needed so that the gigantic structure in the high-rise sense would correspond to the Foster tower "Russia", while not arguing with the nearby monuments - the ensembles of the Kolomenskoye, Danilov Monastery and the already mentioned Shukhov Tower. The enlarged "khan's tent" by its top, thus, is designed to echo the masterpiece of the Russian avant-garde. How inscrutable are the ways of cultural analogies.

If we ignore the confusing associations, then we must admit that the project is complex and beautiful. This is a very solid form, the purpose of which, as it may seem, is to make a smooth transition from the ground to some point above, and necessarily at an altitude of 450 m - which is why an openwork metal structure appears, used only visually - in other words, made for beauty and subordinate exclusively to the aesthetics of design. Actually, this impractical, but well-ventilated construction of a huge spire turns the building from a spread tent into a high-rise tower covered with a net of flexible lines, the pattern of which, starting from the top of the spire, continues on the glass surface of the "inhabited" part, and then spreads through the surrounding park and the form of tracks continuing all the same directions. "In response" the nature of the park penetrates into the building in the form of numerous hanging gardens behind glass. Unity with nature is evident - and not ordinary, but some kind of intensified, moving from a banal level to engineering-tectonic, if not geological. Either something metallic decided to get out of the ground, raising layers of melted - glass - matter behind it, or invisible lines of force materialized into a spectacular fractal, attracted to that very point at a high altitude. All together, it has features of natural geometry and therefore looks like a flower from some kind of fantasy-type fairy tale - which was plucked, turned over and left in the right place, after which it lit up, grew to half a kilometer in height and penetrated the surrounding landscape. And a little more it resembles a nuclear explosion - a mushroom without a cap. Quite a fantastic phenomenon.

Inside, cable-stayed structures will be used, in connection with which those present remembered the few but well-known bridges of Lord Foster - the giant viaduct in Millau and the famous Millennium Bridge in London. In addition to sophisticated engineering techniques, Crystal Island is going to actively use the resources of the natural environment - among other data on the project, the council showed an impressive scheme for the circulation of heat, light and air - the building will use sunlight, natural ventilation and oxygen from conservatories. Apparently, this is one of Foster's cutting-edge and sustainable projects.

The total area of the territory on which the "Crystal Palace" will be located is 90 hectares, 43 of them will be turned into a public one, 53 - into a park zone. The base of the tent will take only 243 sq.m. Inside, the glazed structure of its floors, joining over the vast central space of the stadium-arena, resembles the muqarnas of Muslim architecture, again recalling the khan's tent. However, mukarnas, a decorative motif reminiscent of a honeycomb glued to the ceiling, is such an atectonic formation that looks very organic in any modern structure that claims to be fantastic, soaring and violating the laws of gravity.

Along the perimeter of the arena located in the center of the building, there will be hotels with a total area of about 500 sq. M, and higher, in "glass cells", on six tiers of 3-4 floors each - various cultural, office and retail establishments. An entire floor of exhibition halls is envisaged, and in general it is stated that the center will be more entertainment and cultural than commercial and commercial. It is curious that more than half of the total area of the building is occupied by an underground parking lot - it is allocated 1400 sq. M, while everything above the ground will take up no more than 1100 sq. M. m.

In order to make the center accessible, another station will be built on the nearby green line of the metro (which was already conceived earlier for the Nagatino-ZIL technopark). Also, a highway will be laid along the Moskva River, which will connect the 3rd and 4th transport rings. The project developer, MDK, headed by Shalva Chigirinsky, estimates the required investments at $ 3 billion.

Alexander Kudryavtsev gave a bright and optimistic assessment of the project, saying that after the first impression “what a decorated Christmas tree is this!” - gradually comes an understanding of the mathematical logic of the crystal covering the building, which is arranged according to the principle of a "grid for eggs" - whichever way you pull it, it will gather in that direction. Therefore, in response to remarks that the foot of the tower is very flat and it should be "assembled", he said that such a mobile structure can be moved as desired, the logic of the crystal allows it, and added that perhaps this tower will become a symbol of the new Moscow.

Yuri Luzhkov's reaction to this project by Foster was positive, albeit somewhat cautious. The Mayor accepted the "Crystal Island", while expressing gratitude to the famous architect for proposing this project, which Astana and China had previously liked, to Moscow. Yuri Luzhkov liked the sculpturality of Foster's volume - according to him, it is not much better than the “flat-faced rectangles of many modern architects”. Yuri Luzhkov called this form an innovation, which can become "if not a symbol of the city, then a symbol of the architecture of the 21st century." The mayor, however, recommended to “pick up” the foundation and think about the spire, which should not overlap with historical dominants, as well as check the traffic arteries for patency.

It is difficult to say how this can be done - to "collect" the lower part and at the same time make the spire less noticeable; if both wishes are fulfilled, the project, apparently, awaits significant transformations, after which it will not be easy to recognize.

1.

Experimental-pilot project for the conversion of overhead high-voltage lines into underground cables and the subsequent development of the vacated territories - the architects of the State Unitary Enterprise "Mosproekt-4". The experiment will be carried out from the northern part of Moscow. First of all, the relocation of power lines and the transfer of garages on the territory to multi-level parking along the Moscow Ring Road were laid. It is planned to build three large microdistricts with high-rise complexes - up to 35 floors - on the vacated square between Altufevskoye Highway, Moscow Ring Road and Polyarny Proezd, which will be mainly social housing for Muscovites. The project was accepted as a concept.

2.

The Vykhino transport hub project should solve the problem of the most tense point in the city, which will be even more congested after the Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod highway is laid here. It is supposed to make a single passage, raised above the ground, leading from the parking lot to the metro station. The authors proposed three options for solving the terminal - a simple parking lot, a parking lot with "passing" trade, and also connecting the hotel. The second option seemed preferable to many, because then it would be built not by the city, but by the investor - that's why they stopped at it.

3.

In the natural and historical park "Moskvoretsky", attached to the Krylatskoye and the Moskva River, according to the project of I. N. Ilyin (NIiPI General Plan of Moscow) is supposed to free the green zone as much as possible, including from “self-builders” and make it a full-fledged recreation area with sports facilities. So, instead of go-karting, a small field hockey stadium with a small hotel for athletes will be built, and a center for team sports next to it. Above the sewage treatment plant, it is planned to make a parking lot, which will be half-lowered into the ground and covered by green hills from above. The existing ski slopes will be preserved. The project was generally accepted, but Yu. M. Luzhkov rejected all functions except sports, including the hotel.

4.

Along the Entuziastov highway from the Ivanovskoe district to the Novogireevo stations, Ilyich Square, etc. it is planned to lay the first high-speed tram lines in Moscow, designed by Sergei Tkachenko. The lines will consist of a "real" high-speed tram raised to an overpass and tracks slightly raised above the road. At this stage, an "experimental" section from the Moscow Ring Road to the highway is being worked out. The total length of the line of the entire project will be 11 kilometers and will have 10 stops. The prefect of the eastern district compared the high-speed tram with a light metro, the construction practice of which is already known and "which, due to its larger capacity, is possibly more profitable in construction." He also noted that the new lines must necessarily pass over the existing tram tracks in order to reduce the felling of trees. The mayor of the city agreed with the need to unload large residential areas with public transport, while warning the authors not to "climb" into the territory of the region so as "not to get bogged down in approvals", and also recommended to compare a mini-metro and a high-speed tram - which is better to build.

5.

Unlike previous projects, the latter considered a project of a fairly traditional building, which, moreover, was not accepted. Its project has existed for a long time and, according to Yuri Luzhkov, it should be built for a long time, and we are discussing everything … But apparently it is not destiny yet. At the corner of Sakharov Avenue and Sadovo-Spasskaya, it is planned to put a 6-storey rectangle, elongated along the avenue, in which the commercial and administrative premises will be located (Arch. OL Dubrovsky, CJSC ROMIR). Before reaching the actual architecture, the mayor stopped the report on the grounds that "there should be no more offices in the center, especially of such volumes." The customer, who entered, immediately offered to make parking here, but it was quickly stopped and the project was rejected, deciding that a small building with a hotel or residential function should be built on this site.