From Kaliningrad To Konigsberg And Back

From Kaliningrad To Konigsberg And Back
From Kaliningrad To Konigsberg And Back

Video: From Kaliningrad To Konigsberg And Back

Video: From Kaliningrad To Konigsberg And Back
Video: Why does Russia Own Kaliningrad/ Königsberg? (Short Animated Documentary) 2024, March
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Here we publish the projects of the finalists of the international architectural and urban planning competition for the development of a concept for the development of the territories of the historical center of the city of Kaliningrad. The first place was taken by the project "Studio 44" by Nikita Yavein, made jointly with the St. Petersburg Institute of Territorial Development; we talk about this project separately.

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The subject of the competition participants was the Royal Mountain (in German, this name means Königsberg) with the remains of the royal castle, founded in 1255 and its immediate vicinity, where the medieval cities of Altstadt, Lebenicht, Kneiphof and Vorstadt existed, as well as the island of Lomse at the confluence of rivers Old and New Pregolya. This oldest area of Königsberg was almost completely destroyed by the bombing of the Second World War. Survived the Gothic cathedral on the island (1333-1380) with the tomb of Immanuel Kant in it; the building of the Stock Exchange in 1875; a Jewish orphanage in 1904 and several other buildings. Also preserved are two bridges, Medovy and Derevyanny, which were among the famous seven bridges that had to be crossed without stepping on the same bridge twice - a problem the fundamental insolubility of which was proved in 1736 by Leonard Euler, who at the same time founded the theory of graphs and by founding the topology.

Now, from the traditional orthogonal layout of Koenigsberg and its development with houses densely standing in a row (8.6x9x20 meters, the latter being the depth of the house growing inside the plot), nothing has remained, the center of the once famous city has become a deserted and unfriendly place, with a gigantic House of Soviets next to the ruined castle and panel high-rise buildings. The task of the participants of the competition was to turn this space destroyed by the war into something worthwhile, to bring it back to life and connect it with the past.

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The second prize went to the trio Devillers et Associes (France) + studio Off-the-grid + Wall (Russia), and two-thirds went to Trevor Skempton from Great Britain and HOSPER Sweden from Sweden. We publish all four projects.

*** 2nd prize

Koenigsberg-Kaliningrad

Devillers et Associes (France) + Off-the-grid studio + Wall (Russia)

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The team decided to continue the idea of the Königsberg-Kaliningrad duality seen by the art critic Ivan Chechot: “Two centers, two cathedrals, two names, two K's (Kant and Kalinin, Kant and Koch, Kleist-writer and Kleist-general), two stations, two lakes …”, and make the two existing city centers equal (one is a commercial and business district located in the other part of the city, and the second is the historical center of the city).

The authors paid a lot of attention to the transport scheme, making it "friendly" for pedestrians. Three main transport arteries - Shevchenko Street, Moskovsky and Leninsky Prospekt (as in the HOSPER Sweden project), they proposed to turn into boulevards after the construction of the inner ring road. Architects strongly recommend not to demolish the flyover, but to put it in order by increasing the area of the bridge with wide sidewalks and using it as a viewing platform overlooking the island.

Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
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The authors divide the entire territory into seven historical spaces. The main promenade at the Lower Lake should become a place for secluded relaxation, quiet communication and picnics. The new forum on the central square near the House of Soviets is becoming a place for city-wide events, and the House of Soviets itself is turning into an observation deck with a panoramic cafe and a large screen for sports broadcasts and film screenings. The Museum Quarter at the remains of the castle is a multifunctional cultural center.

Музейный центр на руинах замка. Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
Музейный центр на руинах замка. Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
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The modern architecture of the historic Altstadt district is based on a rethinking of old European cities with shops, cafes and workshops, a boat station, a hostel on a moored boat, a fish market near the embankment.

The Philosophical Park in honor of Kant on the Kneiphof Island is conceived as a place for "deep thought a stone's throw from the hustle and bustle" with libraries, discussion clubs, as well as musical evenings and exhibitions in the cathedral. The remaining two spaces are the open university on Kant Square and the tourist paradise on Steindamm Street, the city's main pedestrian and shopping street.

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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 2-е место © Devillers et Associes (Франция) + студия Off-the-grid + Wall (Россия)
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3rd prize

Three towers and one oculus

Trevor Skempton (UK)

Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
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Skempton proposes to fully complete the building of the House of Soviets, giving it to commercial and government offices and adding two new dominants, multifunctional towers: the "Gothic" tower 144 meters high, "Classic" - 110 meters, and the height of the House of Soviets - about 70 meters. By connecting the towers with a multipurpose concert hall at the basement level, the author obtains a circular area and a structure of passageways around it, which he calls the "Oculus" and considers an alternative to long-term investment in the reconstruction of Moskovsky and Leninsky avenues. Separation of pedestrian and car traffic is envisaged, and the new dominant towers are connected by narrow pedestrian streets with the spire of the cathedral on the island of Kant.

Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
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Some of the houses between the "Oculus" and the river are proposed to be recreated, deviating from the accuracy of copying where it is necessary to adapt to the main idea or to the change of the river bank that has happened over the past time. Skempton proposes to make the new development seven-story, with bars and restaurants on the ground floors and mezzanines, offices on the next two floors, and apartments in the rest.

The modernist project is imbued with reverence for the Soviet legacy; there is even something quite post-Soviet in it, since the construction of skyscrapers is combined with the reconstruction of lost buildings.

Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © Тревор Скемптон (Великобритания)
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3rd prize

HOSPER Sweden AB (Sweden), co-authors Mandaworks AB and Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB

Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
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The authors propose a block development with elements of "green architecture" and thoughtful insolation.

The neighborhoods consist mainly of five to six-story buildings and include elements of green architecture. There are green spaces and good insolation, the proximity to water bodies is actively used.

The main elements of public spaces are formed by a historical street network, the shape of which has been changed in places where it intersects with elements of the architectural heritage of both the Königsberg period and the Soviet period. In order to prevent the territory of the central part of the city from becoming an isolated structure, it is proposed to continue the quarterly development in all directions.

Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
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From the main streets of city-wide significance, the flows of cars are directed both to the entrances and exits of the collector-distribution road, and to the streets in residential buildings. Thanks to this system, many streets in the city center can become pedestrian-dominated streets. Leninsky and Moskovsky prospectuses loaded with traffic flows, as well as Shevchenko Street, will be transformed into green, mostly pedestrian, streets with limited traffic.

Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
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Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
Конкурсный проект концепции развития территорий исторического центра города Калининграда. 3-е место © HOSPER Sweden AB (Швеция), соавторы Mandaworks AB и Andreas Jonasson Arkitektkontor AB
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The competition for the concept of the development of this territory was organized by NP "Urban Bureau" Heart of the City "on behalf of the government of the Kaliningrad region and with the assistance of the administration of the municipal formation" City District "City of Kaliningrad".

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