Italy - For The Good Of Society

Italy - For The Good Of Society
Italy - For The Good Of Society

Video: Italy - For The Good Of Society

Video: Italy - For The Good Of Society
Video: Как устроена IT-столица мира / Russian Silicon Valley (English subs) 2024, March
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“The strength of architecture lies in the ability to identify complex problems and connect them together, making them understandable for everyone and turning them into a joint project with society;

architecture generates hope because it creates an idea of the future in real time."

Luca Molinari

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The Italian pavilion at the 15th Venice Biennale of Architecture was entrusted - perhaps for the first time in the history of national pavilions at the exhibition - to a local, Venetian, bureau -

TAMassociati. Local, but by no means provincial: the portfolio of architects includes projects implemented throughout the Eastern Hemisphere, including in unusual and turbulent conditions (for example, hospitals in Sudan), which, in fact, determined the choice of the Italian Ministry of Culture in their favor.

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Working in conditions of lack of resources, in emergency, catastrophic, emergency situations is not only the personal professional passion of the curator of the Biennale Alejandro Aravena, which he made the theme of the Biennale. This direction is incredibly in demand today, attracting specialists from various fields. The profession of an architect has found its new place and a new role in it, and one of the leading ones. At the same time, more and more architectural graduates are interested in non-profit architecture, sustainable construction, design, which is guided primarily by a wide range of ethical issues - from helping socially disadvantaged groups to combating environmental pollution and global climate change.

Экспозиция павильона Италии © Andrea Avezzù
Экспозиция павильона Италии © Andrea Avezzù
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Italy is no exception, here for several years sostenibiltà - sustainable development - has become an integral aspect of not only professional discourse, but also university education. Moreover, often fresh ideas in this area do not come from the top, but from the private practice of the architect and various non-profit associations. A few years ago, for example, a special alternative magazine was created - Boundaries (its editor-in-chief and founder is Luca Sampò), dedicated specifically to non-commercial architecture and not publishing "stellar" projects. In the few years of its also non-commercial existence (the publication does not publish advertisements and exists at the expense of its own sales), the magazine became widely known and today it is one of the most authoritative Italian periodicals on architecture. Many young specialists in Europe, and in particular in Italy, go to work at the UN, special units of the European Union or the organization "Doctors Without Borders", learn to design in the field, when at the preparatory seminar they explain how to behave, "if, when you go at the object, your car was stopped and a machine gun was pointed at you."

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The exposition of the Italian pavilion is named Taking care - progettare per il bene comune. The title uses an English catchphrase for both “take into account” and “take care”, supplemented by the Italian phrase “design for the common good”. The exhibition brings together projects of Italian and foreign architects who have worked with Italian colleagues, carried out both in Italy and abroad. The main concept is to present architecture as “collective labor”, as an effective means of demarginalization of territories and their inhabitants, their inclusion in society, as a mechanism for development and legal regulation. This practice is a new, revised, interpretation of the famous slogan "architecture or revolution", freed from radicalism and ideology, where architecture is a tool - but one among many, such as social and economic strategies - to improve the quality of life, and not trivial gentrification, namely, providing people with opportunities for a dignified existence and development. So, often during the reconstruction of social housing, in new complexes, a certain percentage of apartments go on commercial sale in order to avoid caste (the complex on Via Giustiniano Imperatore in Rome and other similar objects). Another example is the metro system in Naples, which was designed by leading architects from around the world (for example, Alvaro Siza), and the interiors were designed by world famous artists (Anish Kapoor, Michelangelo Pistoletto, etc.). Moreover, the construction of the branch was carried out from the periphery to the center, and not vice versa. In this dysfunctional and highly socially differentiated city, such a step was a real challenge to degradation and corruption, and this step is gradually beginning to bear fruit.

Экспозиция павильона Италии © Andrea Avezzù
Экспозиция павильона Италии © Andrea Avezzù
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The general theme of the exposition is the periphery, which, according to the curators, is not only physical, but also speculative space, and, as it were, embodies the very situation in today's culture of the processes associated with the concept of habitation: not only the possession of comfortable housing, but also infrastructure, opportunities for work, leisure, physical and intellectual development.

Экспозиция павильона Италии © Andrea Avezzù
Экспозиция павильона Италии © Andrea Avezzù
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The exposition of the pavilion of Italy is divided into three thematic sections: “Think” - Pensare, “Meet” - Incontrare, “Act” - Agire. The Pensare section is conceptual, it invites for reflection on the concept of the common good, on the relationship between society and architecture, the “built environment” in which it lives, on the interaction of people of different specialties and beliefs. Here, curators try to take the viewer beyond the established definitions. A series of infographics, designed in the spirit of pop art with notes from a constructivist poster, beloved by Italian architects since the 1930s, ironically presents the topical problems of the spheres of abitare - “habitation” and il bene commune - “public good”. Various experts were involved in the development of the content side - Ezio Micelli (specialist in the economic assessment of the project), Matteo Passini (financial and cooperative ethics), Daniela Chaffee (sociology and urban studies) and the famous Russian architectural critic and curator Luca Molinari. Each of them in an interview (video reproduced in the exhibition) presented his vision of the problem. Excerpts from these conversations have been published in the pavilion's catalog, the proceeds of which will go towards the implementation of public initiatives presented at the exhibition. The result of the research was a "map" of public goods, on the basis of which 20 projects were identified, which are discussed in the section Incontrare. They implement the idea of cooperation between the architect and society, that is, the actual consumers of architecture. Within the exposition, 10 themes are highlighted: legality, health, housing, education, environment, culture, play, food, science, labor.

«Карта» общественного блага из экспозиции павильона Италии
«Карта» общественного блага из экспозиции павильона Италии
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Italian projects on display include Restart, an amazing art museum in Casal di Principe near Naples. The villa, expropriated from the mafia, was turned into a museum, a project that received the patronage of the Italian president himself and was carried out by the Ministry of Culture in cooperation with the Florentine Uffizi Gallery. The reconstruction of the pseudo-classical building was carried out by the bureau Dianarchitecture + RS Architettura, changing the appearance of the building and adapting the interior for exhibition spaces, without fundamentally changing its structure. The work of the bureau is an installation symbolizing the beginning of work on the adaptation of the building to a museum. The building has a "facade" made of metal structures and orange mesh, which is used in Italy for building barriers.

Проект Restart: вилла мафиози, превращенная в музей. Архитекторы Dianarchitecture + RS Architettura
Проект Restart: вилла мафиози, превращенная в музей. Архитекторы Dianarchitecture + RS Architettura
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The first exhibition was opened here in October 2015: it presented works from the Uffizi collection - an event that some time ago, in those places that have been a place of mafia activity for decades and are unsafe not only for priceless works of art, but also for the lives of ordinary citizens, it was impossible and think. This example of a kind of social reconstruction is one of many. The exposition also shows the Roman district of Tor Marancha built in the 1950s, the facades of which were recently painted by Italian and foreign artists as part of the Big City Life project, and not only by street art masters (including the American Andrew GAIA Pisacane, the Germans Clemens Behr and Raphael Satone Gerlach, French Philippe Bodelok, Portuguese Pontonio, Italian Theo Moneyless Parisi, Chinese from Hong Kong Caratoes), but also by artists quoted in the contemporary art market, such as the painter Danilo Bucchi, digital painter Matteo Basile. Presented by

Dora Park in Turin on the site of Michelin and FIAT industrial facilities designed by Latz + Partner Studio and Pession Associato, work of AM3 Architetti Associati - improvement of a coastal zone in Palermo - a city where the sea, oddly enough, is almost inaccessible to the townspeople. Among the foreign exhibits is a women's school in a refugee camp in the Palestinian Shufat district of Jerusalem, designed by DAAR - Decolonizing Architecture Art Residency. Modern architecture here works not only to solve the problems of peripheral degradation, but also sets itself an ambitious task - to resolve a whole range of social and even geopolitical contradictions.

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Женская школа в лагере для беженцев в палестинском районе Шуфат в Иерусалиме по проекту DAAR – Decolonizing Architecture Art Residency. Фото: Sara Anna Nadalini
Женская школа в лагере для беженцев в палестинском районе Шуфат в Иерусалиме по проекту DAAR – Decolonizing Architecture Art Residency. Фото: Sara Anna Nadalini
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Благоустройство участка прибрежной зоны в Палермо. AM3 Architetti Associati. Фото: Mauro Filippi
Благоустройство участка прибрежной зоны в Палермо. AM3 Architetti Associati. Фото: Mauro Filippi
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Agire - "Act" - offers a practical project:

5 initiatives - mobile stands, designed by five Italian architectural firms in collaboration with public organizations, which will be implemented through crowdfunding. The boxes are intended for use in places of emergency and represent five typologies - “culture” (AIB), “ecology” (Legambiente and ARCò - SOCIETÀ COOPERATIVA), “health” (EMERGENCY and Matilde Cassani), “legality” (Libera and Antonio Scarponi) and "sport" (UISP and NOWA).

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At the heart of all boxes is the Dispositivo Zero basic mobile structure, developed jointly by the architects, which can be adapted to various needs. So, for example, in the case of boxing "culture", the structure turns into a mobile library for adults and children, where there are places for reading and cultural events, lending books to the house, and librarians are ready to help everyone. In boxing "health" you can get medical help and specialist advice. Ecology is a kind of laboratory that analyzes the state of the environment and conducts educational work. The “Legality” box was conceived for areas liberated from the influence of the mafia: it should become a place for helping Italian citizens and immigrants, as well as supporting various initiatives for working with youth. "Sport" is designed to improve intercultural communication, uniting citizens through sports, competitions, games, etc.

culturebox. AIB-ALTERSTUDIO
culturebox. AIB-ALTERSTUDIO
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healthbox. EMERGENCY CASSANI
healthbox. EMERGENCY CASSANI
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greenbox. LEGAMBIENTE ARCò
greenbox. LEGAMBIENTE ARCò
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legalitybox. LIBERA CONCEPTUALDEVICES
legalitybox. LIBERA CONCEPTUALDEVICES
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sportbox. UISP NOWA
sportbox. UISP NOWA
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The Italogramma gallery is curious, which "probes" the social aspects of modern Italian society: it displays photographs of participants in various Italian demonstrations - supporters of left and ultra-right parties, social activists and religious pilgrims. This series of images incredibly vividly demonstrates how similar the faces of people professing diametrically opposite ideas are.

The theme of sustainability is also heard in the real embodiment of the exposition: its design is made of recycled wood left after the dismantling of the Irish pavilion at the World Expo 2015 in Milan (by the way, the curator of the entire Biennale Alejandro Aravena made a similar choice, using the Arsenal and the main pavilion in Giardini recyclable materials - materials of the art biennale 2015).

For all the brightness of the exhibits, the uncommonness of their selection and presentation by TAMassociati architects, the perception of the material requires preliminary immersion in the topic: the explications are rather short, and the presentation is more likely for specialists, which, perhaps, reflects the fact that the successful application of architecture as an art of design in an emergency is not yet an established method of work, and even the idea of this as such is rather far from universal understanding.

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