Part Of A Whole

Part Of A Whole
Part Of A Whole

Video: Part Of A Whole

Video: Part Of A Whole
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The school in Troitsk was named the best project of the educational complex in 2019 according to the Moscow Architectural Prize. Its building has incorporated the main innovative trends of recent years - architectural, technological and, of course, educational. For the authors of the project, this became a unique opportunity to create an environment that by itself brings up and forms a new generation of people.

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The project of one of the largest schools in the country was developed by the ASADOV architectural bureau together with the Akademproekt company, which acted as the general designer.

The Asadovs' team did not immediately get involved in designing the school. The project, on the other hand, had a long and difficult development history. The need to build a new school in Troitsk is long overdue. The city has more than 60 thousand inhabitants, and there are only eight schools. Already in the early 2000s, they were all overcrowded. The situation worsened after the annexation of Troitsk to Moscow in 2012. The question of introducing a second shift has been raised more than once. They tried to solve the problem by expanding the existing educational institutions, erecting new buildings and annexes on their territory - which, however, did not help to radically change the situation. Obviously, with the constant population growth and active construction of new housing, the shortage of educational places in the city will only increase.

Against this background, in 2017, there was a proposal to build one, but very spacious school. The idea would seem to be salutary if it were not for the site allocated by the city for construction - in the Trinity Forest, which occupies the entire eastern side of the city. According to the general plan, part of the forest, about 15 hectares, is planned to be given for the construction of roads, a school with a stadium and a kindergarten. The conflict was predictable: residents rose to defend the green territory.

It was planned to open a school for students this year. But the process dragged on. Public hearings, protests by environmentalists and the search for alternative sites have yielded no results. It turned out that the city has no other land resources, but the school still needs to be built. Just at this stage, colleagues from the Akademproekt company invited the architects of AB ASADOV to participate and invited them to solve the puzzle: the natural area, the discontent of the residents, the colossal capacity of the planned school building and the strictest restrictions on the part of the regulatory framework, since the school is state-owned and special technical conditions are unlikely.

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“We faced a daunting task. But, having taken the size of the school for granted and resigned to its location, we did our best to arrange the volume on the site as carefully and correctly as possible, with respect for nature and the environment."

Trinity Forest occupies the entire territory between Oktyabrsky Prospekt, Botakovsky Field and the village of Puchkovo. The plot allocated for the construction of a school, with an area of about 5 hectares, is located in a forest at the end of Oktyabrsky Avenue. This is practically the center of the city with dense residential buildings. In this part of the forest park, there are no pines and age-old trees, which also played in favor of the choice of location. On the one hand, the site is bounded by an asphalt pedestrian path and a ravine, on the other - by garages, in the place of which an access road to the complex from Oktyabrsky Prospekt will pass.

Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Генплан © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Генплан © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
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The building plan is the result of long and painstaking work with a number of restrictions imposed on educational institutions. The "star" shape, as the authors of the project themselves define it, with the social nucleus and the beams of educational buildings radiating from it, made it possible not only to fit into strict restrictions, but also to conveniently arrange all the functions inside.

Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Вид сверху со стороны Октябрьского проспекта © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Вид сверху со стороны Октябрьского проспекта © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
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“Despite the size - the total area is more than 30 thousand square meters - we have tried to create spaces that are commensurate with children, - said Andrey Asadov.“To do this, we divided the school's volume into several separate blocks and at the same time formed chamber, semi-enclosed courtyards overlooking the park.”

The result is a rather spread-out, dispersed composition: four wings of educational buildings, between them five small green courtyards. Everyone looks in their own direction and is visually isolated from the rest of the school. The building is three stories high. The fourth arises only due to the relief difference. By dividing the building into parts, the authors achieved a separate perception: from any point we will see only a small part of the whole.

Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Учебные корпуса образуют камерные, полузамкнутые дворы © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Учебные корпуса образуют камерные, полузамкнутые дворы © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
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The central entrance to the building is located at the junction of junior and senior schools. At the same time, due to the difference in relief in one floor, the entrance groups with the vestibule and wardrobe are located at different levels: for kids - at the bottom, for high school students - at the top.

The wings of educational buildings have different lengths, but the authors have made every effort to ensure that the space inside them is not perceived as a cabinet-hallway. First of all, this was achieved due to stained-glass windows that provide both natural light and the fusion of the interior with the outside world. In some cases, stained-glass windows occupy a significant part of the wall; they also appear at the ends of the beams. So the forest becomes part of the school, penetrating inside figuratively and emotionally.

Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Входные группы в начальную и основную школу расположены на разных уровнях © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Входные группы в начальную и основную школу расположены на разных уровнях © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
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The idea of unity with the environment reaches its apogee in the zone of the multi-colored atrium, where all school buildings intersect. The atrium, for the sake of compliance with fire regulations, is surrounded by stained-glass windows. The floors are united by a wide staircase, partially transformed into an amphitheater. Natural light enters here through the glass wall opposite the amphitheater. Sitting on its steps, students, as if on a giant screen, will see the pictures of the forest that change with the season.

At school

on Sovetskaya Street in the city of Domodedovo, designed by the ASADOV bureau together with the Akademproekt company and opened last fall, in September 2019, the architects have already managed to implement an atrium with an amphitheater, despite the strict space constraints. The Domodedovo school is quite small, with 275 students, and the amphitheater turned out to be the most demanded and popular place there. So in the new project, whose areas, on the contrary, are very large, the atrium was given special attention - it became the main communication core of the building.

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Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Многосветный атриум © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Многосветный атриум © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
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It is planned to accommodate 32 classes of 25 people in each block of the elementary school. The main block is designed for 1,300 schoolchildren. All classrooms in both primary and secondary schools are located along the east and south facades to provide good natural light. The northern side is occupied by a public block. It houses two sports and two assembly halls (for 475 and 775 spectators) - separately for kids and high school students, as well as a dining room, a library and a 25-meter swimming pool. Outside of school hours, it will be open not only for schoolchildren, but for everyone. For this, an autonomous entrance is provided from the side of Oktyabrsky Prospekt.

Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Функциональная схема © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке. Функциональная схема © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
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There is a glass passage between the elementary school and the sports core - this solution will allow children to significantly shorten the path to the public part of the building. So that first graders do not have to climb the stairs, all the premises they need are located on the ground floor - from classrooms and playrooms to a gym and a medical center.

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    1/4 School for 2100 places in Troitsk. 1st floor plan © Architectural bureau ASADOV

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    2/4 School for 2100 places in Troitsk. 2nd floor plan © Architectural bureau ASADOV

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    3/4 School for 2100 places in Troitsk. 3rd floor plan © Architectural bureau ASADOV

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    4/4 School for 2100 places in Troitsk. 4th floor plan © Architectural bureau ASADOV

Andrey Asadov said that, among other things, the team was inspired by the projects of two Moscow schools - in Letovo and in Khoroshevo-Mnevniki ("Khoroshkola"). Both demonstrate innovative approaches to shaping the educational environment. Both implement the idea of a transformable space. In Trinity School, the architects also laid the foundation for the possibility of transformation: the large auditorium and the atrium are located in such a way that they can be easily combined into one giant public space due to the device of sliding walls. But so far this proposal exists as an idea, since the school in Troitsk is a city order with a limited budget.

At the design stage, the architects worked closely with the teachers of the future school and its director - such a practice, which is widespread in European countries, is so far rare in our country. Especially when it comes to municipal construction. As a result, the school has such unusual options as an IT training ground for robotics, a modern museum space, a greenhouse on the roof for growing vegetables, and even its own observatory for observing celestial bodies.

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The facades are dominated by a terracotta shade that fits well with the natural surroundings. Glass lightens the image, working for permeability, and the volume is enlivened by sunny yellow and white inserts on the facades and windows of different sizes.

In addition to the courtyards formed by the wings of the buildings, a large stadium with a football field and running tracks, playgrounds and sports grounds with a division by the age of students will appear on the school grounds. There are volleyball and basketball courts, table tennis tables.

Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
Школа на 2100 мест в Троицке © Архитектурное бюро ASADOV
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In the spring of this year, the project received a positive expert opinion, and is now entering the working phase. It is planned to put the school into operation in two years.

The school in Troitsk will become one of the largest in the country. Two schools with a comparable capacity - more than 2000 students, work, one in Nekrasovka, the other in the Zilart district in Moscow. Schools with more than 1.5 thousand students are open, in particular, in Kommunarka, Vnukovsky and Krasnogorsk. It looks like a new trend, which, on the one hand, saves territorial resources, on the other hand, it actually cancels the principle of walking distance. After all, the larger the capacity, the fewer schools. This means that students from remote areas will have to travel to classes by transport. In the same Troitsk from the residential complex "Izumrudny" or the Solnechny microdistrict, where there is no school, it will take more than 30-40 minutes to get to the new educational complex. However, this is a question of decisions preceding the drafting of the technical specification, those parameters that architects, as a rule, get already in a predetermined form.

As for the architectural part of the project, here the authors really did everything possible to create a truly modern educational environment, compensating, as far as possible, the residents for the loss of part of the forest. The existing trees in the project have been preserved not only in the courtyards of the school, but even in the area of the stadium. The ski track, which is so cherished by the townspeople, was left in place. In addition, the architects hope that the school's powerful infrastructure - a swimming pool, library, dance and gymnasiums, laboratories, clubs and creative workshops - will be available to all residents. And the school will not turn into an enclave behind a high fence, but, on the contrary, will become the new cultural and educational center of Troitsk.

Further - only a question of the quality of implementation and its compliance with the project. The architects intend to retain the right of architectural supervision.

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