The idea of the project arose in 2010 after getting acquainted with the results of the competition "Space of modern Russia". Surprisingly, our utopian idea has become, to some extent, a harbinger of the current real urban planning concept for expanding the borders of Moscow. So…
Russia is a big country. Its territory is 17075400 km2. This is 12.5% of the entire earth's land.
A big country has many big problems.
Problem # 1. Roads:
- Every fifth road accident occurs due to bad roads (this is 21% of all road accidents).
“Out of 50,000 km of functioning roads, less than a third of them meet the regulatory requirements, the condition of which can be considered satisfactory. More than 50% of the federal road network does not meet the regulatory requirements for the evenness and strength of the road surface”- from the World Bank report on the Russian economy.
- Lack of roads. The number of cars in the Russian Federation from 1991 to 2007 more than tripled, and the length increased by about a third.
Problem No. 2. Exhaustion of natural resources:
- Russia takes …
… 1st place in the world in explored natural gas reserves (32% of the world's gas reserves);
… 1st place in the world in the production and export of natural gas (35% of world gas production);
… 1st place in the world in oil production and the second place in its export;
… 1st place in the world in terms of proven reserves of hard coal (23% of world coal reserves);
… 1st place in the world in terms of peat reserves (47% of world peat reserves);
… 1st place in the world in terms of forest resources (23% of the world's forest reserves);
… 1st place in the world in terms of proven reserves of iron ores (about 28% of world reserves);
… 1st place in the world for steel exports and 3rd place for rolled metal exports;
… 1st place in the world for the production and export of primary aluminum;
… 1st place in the world in the export of nitrogen fertilizers, the second and third places in the export of phosphorus and potash fertilizers;
… 1st place in the world in terms of diamond reserves and second place in their production;
… 1st place in the world in terms of the physical volume of diamond exports;
… 1st place in the world in terms of proven reserves of silver;
… 2nd place in the world in explored gold reserves;
… 2nd place in the world in explored reserves of platinum and first place in its export;
- What will happen to Russia after these minerals run out?
- Most experts agree that oil will end around 2030, that is, in about 20 years.
- "The reserves of uranium that exist today will last until 2017, oil - until 2022, and gas and coal - until 2025" - Deputy Minister of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation Alexei Varlamov.
Problem No. 3. Monocities:
- When the oil runs out, monotowns, the existence of which is associated with the extraction and processing of raw materials, will be unnecessary; these are cities such as Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk, Novy Urengoy and others.
- There are more than 300 single-industry settlements in Russia, in which about 15% of the population lives.
Problem # 4. Wildlife Extinction:
- Since 1970, the population of wild animals throughout the world has declined by 25-30%.
- A total of 226 species of mammals, 181 species of birds, 77 species of reptiles, 168 species of fish are included in the “Red Book” of Russia.
- The population of elk, roe deer and wild boar has decreased by 15% over the past year.
- The number of protected animals on the territory of the Russian Federation continues to decrease.
- The main reason for the decrease in the number of animals is human influence (deforestation, industry).
Problem No. 5. Domestic tourism:
- The resource base of domestic tourism is used by 10-15% (development of domestic tourism in its infancy).
- Underdeveloped tourist infrastructure, low quality of service, etc. - all this is the reason that Russia accounts for less than 1% of the world tourist flow.
Problem # 6. A dying village:
- 73% of the population of Russia (3/4) lives in cities.
- Over the past 10 years, 11,000 villages have been depopulated in Russia.
- During the same time, the rural population has decreased by more than a million.
Problem No. 7. Low wages in the provinces:
- The average salary in Russia is 15.2 thousand rubles; the average salary in Moscow is 40.8 thousand rubles.
- The minimum wage in Russia is 4.6 thousand rubles; minimum wage in Moscow - 10.9 thousand rubles
- 16.1% of Russians live below the poverty line.
Problem No. 8. Alcoholism in provinces and villages:
- In the regions, there are 17 liters of alcohol per person per year.
Problem No. 9. Population growth in Moscow:
- Over the past 10 years, the population of Moscow has increased by 11% (which exceeded Rosstat forecasts by 2 times)
- Moscow is the most populated city in Russia and Europe (11,514,300 people). The density is 10 588 people. sq. km.
What to do? How to solve all these problems? We came up with a great solution:
Expand the borders of Moscow to the borders of the Moscow region. And move EVERYTHING there
We get the city of New Moscow:
All cities in Russia should be moved to New Moscow; of all residents, their work, all the main iconic sights and buildings, etc. Transportation should be carried out by water. By the way, there are many examples of transferring architecture. For example, the original home of Captain James Cook was bought from England and completely transported to Australia. At the same time, the population density of New Moscow will turn out to be less than the population density of Moscow:
The density of the population of Moscow is 10,588 people per sq km. And the density of New Moscow is 3120.5 people per sq. Km. Those. 3 times less!
City zoning scheme:
The industrial ring around New Moscow forms a single industrial park. The ring consists of enterprises transported from all over Russia. Inside the ring of industry there is a ring of green spaces, 1 km wide. Inside the green ring - New Moscow - a new quality of life in the "branches" of the old years. Those. a person who worked in Tver now works in Novaya Tver, which is a district of New Moscow. At the same time, he enjoys all the benefits of metropolitan life.
Urban transport.
1) Taxi:
It is forbidden to have personal transport in New Moscow. Only delivery service cars and taxis drive around the city. The number of taxis is strictly limited.
2) Bicycles:
Novomoskvichs will be able to travel comfortably and safely using environmentally friendly vehicles. Cycle paths have occupied the outermost lane of existing highways.
3) Metro:
There is an extensive metro system in New Moscow. Each large area of the city has its own local network. All areas are connected by a high-speed metro network.
4) Water transport:
The canal system was transported to New Moscow from St. Petersburg.
5) Air transport:
The city has a developed aeronautics system. Passenger airships run along the routes.
If all of Russia is "gathered" in New Moscow, what happens in the rest of the state?
Old abandoned cities are overgrown with greenery and self-destruct. Remain on the territory of Russia:
- Protected borders.
- Temporary industrial settlements associated with the extraction of minerals.
- Temporary settlements associated with agriculture.
- Monasteries and hermitages; novices live on self-sufficiency and act as gamekeepers.
- Ports; remain as a function and a temporary settlement with shift work.
- Railway network; small super-fast trains now run on the updated rails.
- The population of animals and the general level of ecology are improving.
Eco-tourism is developing. Tourists live in monastery hotels, or travel with tents. A huge part of the land becomes a single landscape eco-reserve.
the authors:
Asya Vainberg, Kirill Governors, Alexander Kudimov, Daria Listopad, Artyom Ukropov
