Development plans for the territories adjacent to the Moskva River are gradually being worked out and detailed by specialists. Now this work is being done by NI and PI of the Gradplan of Moscow (see interview with its director Dina Sattarova) with the active support of the Directorate of the Moscow Transport Hub. In March this year, the joint work of the Directorate and the Gradplan was approved by the supervisory board of ANO "DMTU" chaired by the First Deputy Minister of Transport of the Russian Federation Yevgeny Dietrich. One of the essential components of the riverine transformation project is the inclusion of the river in the structure of urban public transport. This section has already been sufficiently worked out: we talked with the specialists of the institute and now we are talking about the most important facts related to the planned routes of river transport on the Moskva River.
Prototype
When developing routes for the movement of water passenger transport along the Moscow River, the employees of the Research and Development Institute of the Gradplan relied on the experience of foreign countries, in particular, London. There are excursion and passenger (both year-round and seasonal) river routes on the Thames, which are part of the public transport system along with the metro, Docklands tram and railway. The new version of Moscow's public transport will also include river routes in its network.
Calculations
When forming the routes, the specialists of the NIiPI Gradplan of the city of Moscow worked out urban planning, economic, sociological, transport and environmental factors related to both the water area of the river and the adjacent areas and their urban planning prospects for 2020-2025.
Fact 1: city center
The subject of study has now become the "main" section of the Moskva River - its so-called central pool: from the Mnevnikovskaya floodplain in the northwest to the western part of the Nagatinskaya floodplain in the south of the city.
Fact 2: two routes
Two routes of water passenger transport are planned - in the west and in the east, where, according to town planning calculations, they will be potentially in demand by city residents moving between home, work and other objects of social attraction - especially taking into account the growing number of residential complexes being built now in the zone of influence of the river. In the future, it is also planned to conduct a sociological study in order to determine the routes most demanded by residents.
scheme of the planned river routes in the central pool of the Moskva River:
red - public transport, northern and southern sections; blue tourist route in the city center
There are three stops in the northern route: from Mnevniki to City, with one intermediate berth at the residential complex "Heart of the Capital". All three berths are on the left bank of the Moskva River.
The southern route has 8 stops in each direction and 8 berths: three stops are associated with new pedestrian bridges - the House of Music, ZIL and Planet ZIL. Two berths, one opposite the other - Derbenevka and Danilovo in the middle of the route. The route begins in Zaryadye and ends in the Nagatinsky backwater.
Passenger water routes are formed on those sections of the Moskva River where there is a demand for water transport. According to preliminary forecasts, the central part (from the area of Europe to Zaryadye) will enjoy the least demand for passenger traffic. Here the channel makes a loop, the length of the river is large, and the distances to be covered are not very good, other types of public transport in this case, according to the developers, are more efficient. In addition, along the river loop in the city center, parks: Gorky Park, Vorobyovy Gory, are more common than housing and offices. The central part of the river in Moscow turned out to be more recreational and tourist than pragmatic and transport.
Fact 3: for excursions
Excursion and tourist routes will be interconnected with passenger routes. The berthing infrastructure will accept both tourist and passenger ships. Now excursion ships run between the Kievsky railway station and the Novospassky bridge. And there will be - between the City and Zaryadye. That is, to the west the route will grow slightly, and to the southeast it will shorten. We will admire the Novospassky monastery from public transport ships.
Fact 4: berths old and new
The project considers 14 berths … Of these, 8 already exist and will be adapted for passenger transportation, 6 are being created anew.
Meanwhile, the project for the development of the territories of the Moskva River as a whole assumes work with 16 industrial berths, 25 - passenger and four identified (!) According to the results of surveys and eight requiring reconstruction. In total, it turns out that there are 53 berths in the city, with which it is possible to work in connection with the revitalization of the river. Another 15 are proposed to be created in connection with the project - in total, it turns out 68. But let's return to the current project of public and tourist routes - he is considering 14 river stations, about a fifth of everything that still needs to be worked on.
New berths are proposed in places where large-scale housing construction is underway. Their location is calculated based on the proximity of other types of public transport and the preferences given by residents when moving around the city.
Scheme of 14 berths planned for river public and excursion transport of the Moskva River.
Green - existing berths included in the new system
water transport, in red - the berths being created.
According to calculations, the most popular in terms of water routes were trips to one or two stopslinking housing and work. In the future, cafes, lower embankments and other elements of urban coastal improvement should appear on the berths of transport and tourist routes, aimed at making the river attractive. As it turned out, most of the existing berths require expansion and refurbishment.
For example, the embankment of Zaryadye Park, which has now become, let's say, a new model of river bank arrangement for townspeople, immediately aroused the interest of commercial river carriers, and it turned out that it was not designed for the approach of motor ships. The optimal answer to this already existing request would be to lengthen the existing berth near the Ust'insky bridge towards the park zone, - experts at NI and PI Gradplan believe. It was also proposed to expand the berths in front of the Kievsky railway station, Gorky Park, Patriarshy Bridge.
Quays of the former industrial zones and departmental quays, on the contrary, were built with a reserve and are designed for cargo ships. Since now industrial zones are turning mainly into large multifunctional complexes with a predominance of housing, the reconstruction of industrial quays has turned out to be a convenient and economical way to create new stops for public transport - the city can save on the deepening of the bottom and engineering work necessary for the quay.
Fact 5: transplants
All berths will be planned so that it will take 6-15, on average 10 minutes, to walk to metro stations from them. Most of the stations included in the route already exist, some - like, for example, Mnevniki or Nagatinsky Zaton - the extreme stations of two routes are still being designed or built.
Fact 6: parameters and streams
Currently, a model of the ship is being worked out, it should accommodate up to 36 people - this is slightly less than a subway car, where there are 36/48 seats. The average speed is 15 km / h. Domestic manufacturers have expressed their readiness to develop a river bus with specified performance characteristics.
The distance between the berths included in the routes for public transport is 2-3 km, 3.5-4 km for the excursion route. The distance between two stops should be covered by the vessel in an average of 10 minutes (from 6 to 18). Urban land transport generally moves at about the same speed, although it has more stops; the subway is of course faster. The estimated interval of movement of the "river bus" is 10 minutes. Calculations show that public river transport will be able to transport up to 26,000 passengers per day … Compared to the Moscow metro, which
transports more than 8 million people per day, this is very little. But more than nothing - now, in fact, river transport is absent in principle, and once created, it will take on part of the transport load and, on the other hand, will play a role in the variety of transport choices, which is also important. River transport is a kind of "icing on the cake" of the public transport network of a large city: its volume is not so important as its very presence, which enriches the impressions of the city.
Fact 7, the most important: price
Tickets will cost the same as metro tickets.
Transport will be subsidized, but subsidies will not exceed analogs in ground and underground transport in Moscow. The estimated cost of tickets for a river bus is equal to tickets for other types of public transport (now one ticket costs 50 rubles; for comparison, the cost of an excursion along the river now is from 400 to 800 rubles).
*** The SWOT analysis carried out in the Research and Development Institute of the Gradplan takes into account not only the strengths of the project, but also its weaknesses, the main of which is the weak development of legal aspects related to the river and river transport. However, the joint work of NI and PI Gradplan and the Directorate of the Moscow Transport Hub with various ministries and government agencies gives hope that by 2025 the idea of public river transport in Moscow will be implemented.
