The projects of typical stations, developed under his leadership, the head of Metrogiprotrans, Nikolai Shumakov, demonstrated at a meeting of the United Scientific and Technical Council (OTNS) on urban planning policy and construction in Moscow on January 28, as reported on the same day by the official portal of the Moscow Stroycomplex.
In order to make construction faster and more economical, Metrogiprotrans has generalized its extensive experience and selected from the many variants of metro stations well-known to its architects, some of the most economical, safe and suitable for an efficient flow method of construction. Thus, standard blocks of lobbies and technical rooms will be produced, which can be rearranged almost like cubes in a constructor, depending on the need and the situation. This method will make it possible to build stations at once along the entire length of the line, Nikolai Shumakov said, since builders will not have to wait for the issuance of documentation for each separate project.
The most structurally complex types of stations are intended for construction in the historical center; two options are proposed. The first is pylon stations based on the oldest typology of the Moscow metro: with three independent halls separated by pylons with aisles between them (for example, Dobryninskaya or Kievskaya). The second option is more spacious pillar stations.
Basically, shallow stations will be built. There are three options for them: with one solid vault, embracing the tracks and a platform without supports (one of the most beautiful solutions of the station of this typology is Timiryazevskaya). The second type of stations is two-span, with columns in the middle, and the third is three-span, with two rows of supports. The lobbies will continue the platform space on both sides and will include stairs, escalators and pedestrian crossings - the minimum required, no more; the size of the lobbies will be reduced. The stations with one and two rows of columns in this set are the most economical; on the other hand, single-span, column-free stations are considered more convenient for passengers and metro workers. So both of them will build. The architects also decided on the size of the stations: platform width 12, length 162, height 6 meters. The height has become more than before - one and a half meters was added to remove smoke.
For greater safety of passengers, new stations are proposed to be equipped with transparent fences at the edge of the platform, synchronized with the doors of electric trains. The possibility of installing elevators and special escalators for disabled people is currently being discussed.
The first deputy mayor and chairman of the headquarters created in November to speed up the construction of metro lines, Vladimir Resin, willingly supported the concept of Metrogiprotrans and assured that the artistic appearance of the future metro would not suffer with such optimization. According to the first deputy mayor, "the beauty of the station does not depend on the structures or methods of work, but on the design, finishing materials, professionalism and labor of those who will work on it." Resin also proposed to solve the issues of station design with the help of architectural competitions.
Indeed, as Nikolai Shumakov said, only constructive and planning schemes will be typical in these projects, and "the exterior finish will continue to be individual," which will allow creating various architectural images for the stations.
As a reminder, Mayor Sergei Sobyanin ordered to switch to standard projects of metro stations on November 22, 2010. In addition to the projects of typical stations, the city authorities also outstripped the list of their construction for 2012-2020. (The metro development scheme for this period can be found here). So, the plans include the creation of a second circular line (Delovoy Tsentr, Polezhaevskaya, Khodynskoe Pole, Nizhnyaya Maslovka stations, etc.), as well as the extension of the metro to Yuzhnoye Butovo, Zyablikovo, Novo-Peredelkino, etc.
N. K.
