The development of the Vladivostok agglomeration inevitably entails the development of the water area and island territories adjacent to the city. And this is, perhaps, the last ecological "buffer" of the growing metropolis, the development of which by the urban planning methods adopted in the region today can lead to the complete degradation of the ecosystem of the Peter the Great Gulf, which is unique for the coasts of Russia. But it would be wrong to say that only a complete ban on the development of the coast of the bay and islands can save the ecology of the formed agglomeration. Sustainable use of natural resources and nature-integrated, ecological architecture that meets green standards (for example, LEED, BREEAM) should become a priority, uncontested option for urban planning here.
Based on information,
which is in the public domain, most developers of concepts and master plans for Vladivostok practically do not touch in their projects either the problems of preserving and restoring the ecosystem of the city and adjacent territories, or the peculiarities of taking into account its unique climatic conditions. In this sense, it is interesting to review eco-projects for the insular and coastal territories of the Peter the Great Bay, carried out by students of the Engineering School of the Far Eastern Federal University, laureates and diploma winners of all-Russian competitions and reviews. Most of them were designed for the Russky and Popov Islands, although Vladivostok itself was not left without attention.
Saving resources / energy efficient FEFU campus
Autonomous "Center for the Study of Energy Efficient Technologies of FEFU" for the second stage of the campus on Russky Island
Author: bachelor Natalia Bakaeva
Moderators: Pavel Kazantsev, Irina Raspopova, Tatiana Ovchinnikova
Diploma 1 st. competition "Green Project - 2010", Moscow, diploma 1 st. International review-competition of WRC specialties architecture and design of architectural environment, 2010
The island territories are characterized by a scarcity of resources; first of all, traditional energy sources. Considering the huge - by the standards of central Russia - solar and wind resources of southern Primorye, it is advisable here to completely switch to renewable energy sources: passive and active solar architecture, wind energy, the use of energy-efficient methods of integrating buildings into the preserved landscape.
Taking into account possible climatic changes / Eastern Bosphorus
Marine protective structures of Vladivostok in the Bosporus-Vostochny Strait, specialist's graduation project.
Author: Alexandra Kolomoets
Moderators: Pavel Kazantsev, Elena Kyalunziga, Valery Savostenko
Diploma 1 st. International review-competition of WRC specialties architecture and design of the architectural environment, 2015
A very important topic for coastal areas related to climate change is the projected rise in sea level. Many cities in the world solve this problem at the level of professional design, but for Vladivostok this student project is the first attempt. A semicircular "ventilated" dam in the Eastern Bosphorus will protect the historic center of the city from flooding and will serve as the basis for the formation of a new sea façade of the city in the south of the Muravyov-Amursky peninsula facing the Russian island. The prototype of the engineering solution is the San Francisco Bay Dam project.
With the beginning of the development of the Russky Island, with the appearance of a unique cable-stayed bridge from the mainland, it is obvious that in the near future, both banks of the Bosporus-Vostochny Strait will form a new look of the city. And this is not just about the panorama of one of the coastal lines, but about the general space of the strait and the surrounding shores and hills.
Environmental conservation / Novik Bay of Russky Island
Novik Bay south of Truda Bay is a practically closed water basin surrounded by a shallow watershed. The ecological balance and thermal comfort of this territory are today determined by the forest and shallow bays of the coastline. The disappearance of the forest or the "leveling" of the coast for marinas and granite embankments can lead to irreversible negative consequences. Already today, fresh water is being discharged from the treatment facilities of the Far Eastern Federal University into the innermost part of the Novik Bay, which negatively affects the state of the underwater world.
A possible perspective model of urban development of the Saperny Peninsula and Novik Bay, of course, should exclude the option of continuous development of the territory, preserve the main forest area along the tops of hills and watersheds and the natural character of the coastline on most of the coast of the bay. Buildings should be “focal” in nature and, according to resource conservation criteria, meet the level of “zero carbon emissions” with complete recycling and use of waste. *
Architectural and urban planning concept of the formation of the residential zone of the Saperny peninsula on the Russkiy island, specialist's thesis
Author: Yana Marus
Moderators: Pavel Kazantsev and Elena Kyalunziga.
Diploma with honors from the international competition of the WRC, Khabarovsk, 2016
Low- and mid-rise “focal” buildings are tied to amphitheatric valleys of southern and southwestern orientation. In Feng Shui (a design canon, developed in the monsoon region, and Primorye is the only region of Russia with a monsoon climate), such valleys were considered very favorable for living and were called the "dragon's lair". The northern monsoon glides over the treetops on the watersheds of the hills and the roofs of buildings, the courtyards are closed from the wind and are insulated by the low winter sun. In summer, the crowns of deciduous trees protect the territory and buildings from overheating.
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Residential complex in Novik Bay on Russky Island, specialist diploma project
Author: Oksana Gubanova
Leaders: Pavel Kazantsev, Anatoly Tukhbatulin, Valery Savostenko.
Diploma 1 st. international review-competition of WRC specialties architecture and design of architectural environment, 2013
In this futuristic project, the author has preserved the landscape and landscaping of the bay, placing "horizontal skyscrapers" over the water area. The streamlined shape of vertical urban farms eliminates downward gusts of wind that knock pedestrians off their feet in the areas of "dot" development of urban hills.
Sustainable Nature Management and Ecotourism Development - Popova Island, Marine Reserve
As student studies show, it is advisable to develop the islands and coastal areas of the forest park zone of Vladivostok as objects of ecotourism and recreation, while preserving their natural potential. For example, to turn Russky Island south of Novik Bay into a National Park of the Ussuriyskaya taiga, showing the landscapes, flora and fauna of the northern, central and southern parts of Primorye, the culture and life of the indigenous peoples of the region, methods of traditional sustainable nature management. And the island of Popov should be used for the development of ecotourism and environmental education, given that part of the island is occupied by the Far Eastern Marine Reserve.
This will reduce the anthropogenic load on the preserved natural landscapes, attract a greater flow of tourists from the countries of the Asia-Pacific region who want to see the unique nature of Primorye in its natural state than the planned congress tourism or the development of the same Russian as a new administrative and business center or special economic zone … *
Design concept for an ethnographic park of indigenous peoples of the Far East on Popov Island. Diploma project of a specialist - designer of an architectural environment
Author: Anastasia Vasilevskaya
Moderators: Pavel Kazantsev and Andrey Shipilov.
Diploma 1 st. International review-competition of WRC specialties architecture and design of architectural environment, 2011
Optimal for the south of Primorye "sunny" architecture, "back" to the wind, "facing" the sun, complemented by transformable shading and natural aeration in summer. In addition to accommodating wind turbines, the lattice crown of the complex collects moisture from sea fog and slanting rain. *
"Renovation of the Rybokombinat village on Popova Island", diploma of a specialist-architect Author: Daria Burdina
Moderators: Pavel Kazantsev and Egor Vanhobin
Diploma II Art. international review-competition of WRC specialties architecture and design of architectural environment, 2016; Prize "Archive stability" of the competition "Architecture - 2016", Moscow
The existing island settlements, after the collapse of the city-forming fish processing enterprises, have now almost completely degraded. The author proposes, through the development of year-round ecotourism and the development of mariculture technologies, to provide the population with new jobs, and for residents of the agglomeration and tourists from the south of the Far East - to create a comfortable and attractive recreational environment.
The continuous pedestrian space, divided into a system of interconnected semi-open courtyards, provides better protection from drafts, shading the territory, and ventilation in calm sunny weather, due to the uneven heating of the facades of the inner irregular courtyards.
Ensuring the climatic comfort of pedestrian spaces, protecting them from rain, wind and overheating is not the discovery of seaside student architecture, but the usual practice of forming public spaces in cities of the temperate climatic zone, for some reason forgotten in Vladivostok.
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Design concept of an architectural implant - a multifunctional ecotourism center at Cape Red Uttle
Author: Julia Korkina
Moderators: Pavel Kazantsev, Evgeniya Lapshina
Diploma 1 st. Art. international review-competition of WRC specialties architecture and design of the architectural environment, 2003. Project - participant of the student session The World Sustainable Building Congress SB05, diploma "Most favoutite poster award"
An example of one of the first "ecological" theses at FEFU-FESTU. The bay in the area of Cape Red Ut is a favorite vacation spot for the Far East in summer. By placing here a center for ecological tourism with a museum of the sea, the author hoped to divert the flow of domestic "wild" tourists from the protected area of the Far Eastern Marine Reserve, as well as introduce elements of ecological education for recreants. The proximity of the region to China and Korea, convenient connection with the airport, which will help to attract foreign tourists, were taken into account.
"Museum of the Sea" of the Far Eastern State Marine Reserve. The author's concept of the architecture of the "bionic implant" - the building of the museum - appeared in the natural environment as a result of studying the forms of living organisms inhabiting the Peter the Great Bay. The project uses the technology of direct solar heating of thermal massifs, active solar systems for tourist houses, local building materials - earth concrete. The complex is located on the southern slope, protected from the north wind by a rocky promontory.
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Research and Demonstration Center of Marine Technologies in the Ajax Bay of Russky Island. Graduation project 2015
Author: Olga Khromova
Leaders: Irina Raspopova, Tatiana Tkacheva, consultant: Pavel Kazantsev.
Diploma of the 2nd degree of the international competition of the WRC, Khabarovsk, 2016
The development of mariculture (“marine urban farms”), or algaetecture - photobioreactor systems integrated into the architecture - is a promising area of ecological renovation of the water area and air basin of the city, which is currently being worked on by a resource-saving architecture workshop in cooperation with the Institute of Biomedical Sciences FEB RAS.
The complex was designed as an experimental model of a settlement in the ocean, capable of adapting to the changing natural and climatic conditions of the sea. The use of alternative energy sources (including wind, solar and sea wave energy) in combination with modern energy-saving technologies should make the complex completely autonomous.
The project provides for the collection of rainwater and fog drops for irrigation of plants and technical needs of the complex. Collecting the moisture of rain and fog is not just a student's fantasy. The masters of the 2016 edition are now testing experimental installations for collecting fog moisture at one of the city's peaks. Taking into account the moisture deficit in the island territories and the duration of coastal fogs and rains, this is a promising area of research.
