In Russia, the term "green building" has even appeared. Initially "green" were business areas owned by international corporations. Subsequently, the ideas of sustainable development spread to sports facilities - this was largely facilitated by large construction projects timed to coincide with such large-scale events as the Universiade and the Olympic Games. Now eco-projects are being actively implemented in the residential real estate segment, and the emphasis has shifted from country cottages to multi-apartment buildings.
Green houses - green light
According to the latest opinion polls, the demand for environmentally friendly housing in Russia has grown 2.5 times over the past year. When purchasing real estate, the buyer thinks not only about its value, but also about the subsequent operation, namely, about saving resources. This is the main goal of ecological, or sustainable, construction (from the English green, sustainable building).
Initially, the idea of reducing the consumption of energy resources during the life cycle of buildings, as well as preserving or improving the quality of houses and their safety for humans and the surrounding nature began to be actively implemented in the West. The first environmental standards and programs appeared: BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) in the UK, Energy Star and LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) in the USA.
Green building came to Russia later than to the countries of Europe and America. The topic of energy saving and energy efficiency hit the government's priorities in 2008, which resulted in the adoption of Federal Law No. 261. In April 2012, the Fundamentals of State Policy in the Field of Environmental Development of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2030 were approved, which provide for an increase in the volume of construction properties capable of undergoing voluntary environmental certification. Special attention in the program is paid to residential and office buildings, which account for more than a quarter of the potential energy savings. I must say that government policy has already yielded significant results - for example, according to the company Jones Lang La Salle (JLL), which provides financial and comprehensive professional services in the field of real estate, in 2010 only 2 objects met the BREEAM and LEED standards, in 2014 only 2 objects met the BREEAM and LEED standards. the number of certified buildings increased to 43, and their total area was 2 million m2… It is expected that by the end of 2015 a number of other facilities with a total area of about 1.5 million m2 will undergo certification.2.
But, of course, foreign norms alone are not enough for our country - there must be requirements drawn up on the basis of Russian realities and conditions. At the moment, a number of new national standards have been developed and are in force, which include the main provisions of LEED, BREEAM, Russian GOSTs, SNiPs, and even take into account the regional characteristics of the climate and the energy structure of the site of construction of the facility. Experts in the construction and architecture industry believe that the success of the application of Russian standards will largely depend on the level of government support. This is what Alexander Remizov, Member of the Board of the Union of Architects of Russia (UAR), Chairman of the UAR Council for Sustainable Architecture and NP "Green Building Council": “I would note, first of all, the adoption of the 44th Federal Law, which regulates purchases and contracts. In it, the criterion for choosing a contractor, a supplier is not only the offer price, as it was before, but also the price of building operation. And if earlier, when everything was determined by the price, environmentally friendly construction was at a disadvantage - a "green" building is more expensive to build, - now the chances are at least equalized, because "green" buildings are often much cheaper in operation. This law can play a very important role, if, of course, it is used accordingly, it will stimulate the design and construction of environmentally friendly buildings."
Specific figures are given Nikolay Krivozertsev, CEO EcoStandard Group, a leader in the field of environmental monitoring and expertise: "The rise in the cost of a" green "project can be from 0.3 to 9% at all stages of the feasibility study: design, construction, commissioning. But at the stage of functioning of the facility, these costs will be recouped in 3-7 years due to resource-saving technologies."
Focus on materials
Particular attention in green building is paid to the materials used. EcoStandard Group, together with the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia and the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, has developed a GREEN BOOK catalog, which includes environmentally friendly solutions that have received recommendations from federal and regional executive authorities. GREEN BOOK is the first step towards the development of GOST “Building materials and structures. Environmental safety during production, use and disposal. Criteria for evaluation . The document is planned to be used as an assessment of the environmental characteristics of public procurement objects.
At the same time, it is important that the materials used increase the energy efficiency of residential buildings, because one of the fundamental approaches of "green" construction is to reduce operating costs by conserving resources.
Significant savings can be achieved due to the device of competent thermal insulation of the entire building and its utilities. From the point of view of ecology, stone wool is considered one of the best materials - it is made from natural raw materials and therefore is absolutely safe for human health. The first stone wool insulation to receive the EcoMaterial Green label in our country was ROCKWOOL products. Interestingly, in terms of its thermal insulation properties, stone wool insulation, for example, of the LIGHT BATTS SCANDIC series, 5 cm thick, is comparable to brickwork 96 cm thick. At the same time, the production of ceramic building blocks requires 7 times more specific capital investments. According to research by ROCKWOOL specialists, thermal insulation produced and sold in 2014 will prevent the release of more than 4000 million tons of CO2as using less fuel for buildings reduces greenhouse gas emissions. And investments in insulation for hot pipes can be returned in less than a day - the return is more than 30,000 times the energy spent!
Figures and facts
A lot has already been said about the importance of using effective insulation for facades and roofs: studies show that 40% of the heat can go through poorly insulated walls, and another 20% through the roof. Modern materials help prevent waste. “The main thing is to choose specialized heaters designed for specific purposes,” says Andrey Petrov, Head of ROCKWOOL Design Center … - So, in private houses, when insulating frame structures - walls, rafter roofs, floors on logs - they pay attention primarily to the thermal insulation properties and ease of installation. In this case, the light insulation LIGHT BATTS SCANDIC, which has a Flexi-edge, is very convenient: the plate is simply inserted between the guides with a slight pressure and fits snugly against them. There are also products for floors with a concrete screed, where the resistance to loads is taken into account, in this case it is necessary to use FLOR BATTS rigid slabs. For thermal insulation, for example, in plaster facades, resistance to peel loads is important - in cottages they will be provided by ROCKFACADE, and in multi-storey buildings - by FACADE BATTS. Also, for apartment buildings, ventilated facades are popular, where the main thing is resistance to vertical shrinkage and wind, therefore VENTI BATTS slabs should be used."
But the need to insulate hot water pipelines, as one of the components of "green" energy-efficient construction, is clearly underestimated in our country. A vivid confirmation of this is a residential building in Novosibirsk. During the design of the building, 70 mm stone wool cylinders were used to insulate the hot water pipelines (in accordance with the calculations). But the builders ignored the recommendations of the designers, and as a result, all residents of the house suffered. It turned out that about 250 Gcal is wasted annually, which in monetary terms is equal to 294 690 rubles. In addition, non-insulated riser pipes warm up the entrance and living quarters of the house so much that an unfavorable microclimate develops due to the constantly high temperature.
In fact, thermal insulation of walls, roofs and utilities - albeit large, but only part of the measures to improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings. Complex application
activities leads to even more impressive results.
What has already been done
Now the key trend in green housing construction is a large-scale transition from a separate building with an adjacent land plot to ecologically clean neighborhoods and cities. An example of a flagship project is the Microgorod in the Forest residential complex, which is located 6 km from the Moscow Ring Road in the Krasnogorsk District of the Moscow Region. As part of the implementation of "Microgorod" by the developer company Rose Group, a comprehensive development of an area of 77 hectares is planned, the construction is divided into 8 stages. In addition to residential buildings, it is planned to build a commercial and social infrastructure, as well as a landscaped park.
The concept of "Microtown in the forest" was determined by its location: the territory of the residential complex is surrounded by a forest, a river flows nearby - this is a good place from the point of view of ecology. The complex has all the conditions for a comfortable life in a clean suburban area. Green ideas are reflected in the materials used in construction. “We are responsible not only for the final result of construction, but also for the operation of houses, for the comfort of residents. Therefore, the project used environmentally friendly and energy-efficient products from ROCKWOOL, such as double density slabs VENTI BATTS D and FACADE BATTS D, as well as roofing materials RUF BATTS V and RUF BATTS N. pipelines. All materials have technical certificates and meet the necessary safety requirements, - says Alexander Nuzhdin, head of the tender department of the Rose Group. - I would also like to note our rainwater and wastewater collection system and our own treatment facilities - we plan to use this water for irrigation of the territory in the future. We also have our own boiler room in the city”.
It is interesting that in the project "Microcity in the Forest" there is not a single one of the same facades - they are all combined: plaster, with facing, with ledges. Even in a house of 11-13 sections, each entrance has its own exterior finish. ROCKWOOL experts helped to develop complex assemblies and find non-standard insulation solutions.
Everyone, from the developer to the residents of the houses, benefits from the construction of residential buildings according to energy efficient standards. "Green" construction is the engine of progress, an innovative economy, and improved environmental quality. This is the future that becomes the present.
source: press service of the ROCKWOOL representative office in Russia
