The competition was announced on September 10; Participants' applications are accepted until November 7 (which was recently announced; the customer of the competition is Don-Stroy Invest, the organizer of the State Unitary Enterprise NI and PI of the General Plan of Moscow). Among the Moscow competitions, the number of which has significantly increased over the past year thanks to the new chief architect of the city, Sergei Kuznetsov, this one may not be the most spectacular, but definitely the largest. We are talking about comprehending the territory of 87 hectares, about the urban planning concept, which should change a significant, rather noticeable part of the city. We have figured out the terms of reference for the competition and are giving the details.
What happened
The plant was founded in 1883 by the Frenchman Julius Goujon; in 1922 it was renamed Hammer and Sickle. In the twentieth century, it was one of the largest metallurgical industries not only in Russia, but also in the world. In the 1990s, the volume of the plant's production declined sharply, many buildings were abandoned, the territory was degraded. In the last years of the plant's existence, only a few workshops operated on a huge territory, the rest was either empty or occupied by tenants.
Place in the city
Although the territory of the plant belongs to the south-eastern district of Moscow (Lefortovo district), it is located close to the center. From the Hammer and Sickle platform to the Kremlin in a straight line - less than four kilometers: the borders of the central district in this place bend strongly inward and it turns out that the plant, which does not formally belong to the Central Administrative District, is closer to the center than, for example, the Luzhniki to the central district.
Triangles
The area to be reorganized resembles a triangle with a hypotenuse stretched along the Entuziastov highway. The western corner is cut off by the border of the central district - a branch of the Gorky railway line with the Hammer and Sickle platform runs along the border. Here, nearby is the Rimskaya metro station. At the opposite, eastern corner of the territory, there is the Ryazan branch of the railway (with the Novaya station) and the Aviamotornaya metro station.
The northern corner of the territory "looks" towards the Krasnokursantsky square, Lefortovsky park (the former park of the Moscow Military District and Golovinsky Garden) and Yauza. In the northern part of the territory, the Third Ring route passes through the Lefortovo tunnel, but closer to the south it comes to the surface and forms a large junction with the Entuziastov highway.
Hectares
The total area of the future district is 87 hectares. Of these, slightly less than sixty (58.8 hectares) belong to the Hammer and Sickle plant: 18.9 hectares are located to the east of the Third Ring, and 39.8 to the west. The remaining 28.42 hectares belong to other owners: approximately two thirds of these lands are located in the eastern part, a third in the western. However, according to the chief architect of Moscow, Sergei Kuznetsov, this territory is an example of a rare integrity for the capital: there are not so many owners within the boundaries of the industrial zone, usually there are much more. Participants of the competition are invited to comprehend architecturally and urban planning all 87 hectares of the territory, but the reorganization will begin from 18.9 hectares inside the eastern triangle.
Two reorganization queues
The route of the Third Ring Road cuts the territory into two unequal parts: approximately two-thirds are inside the ring, a third - outside.
The smaller outer triangle is planned to be reorganized first. The second stage will be the larger, western triangle located inside the Third Transport Ring.
First of all, the project will include the construction of a residential area, a school, a kindergarten and a sports and recreation complex. On the second stage, it is planned to create public, business and commercial facilities, including offices and multifunctional complexes, providing residents of the new and adjacent districts with jobs and leisure.
The roads are outside. Transport accessibility
One of the biggest advantages of this area is good transport accessibility, both for cars and public transport. Here two important city highways (Entuziastov highway and TTK highway) intersect, however, they are extremely busy and suffer from traffic jams. In this case, there is a metro. There are three metro stations nearby: Aviamotornaya and Ploshchad Ilyicha of the Kalininskaya line and Rimskaya of the Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line. The metro journey to the center takes 15-20 minutes.
The metro is supplemented by two railway stations - "Serp and Molot" of the Gorky direction and "Novaya" of the Ryazan direction of the Moscow railway, as well as a surface bus, trolleybus and tram.
Roads inside
Now on the territory of the plant there are, of course, internal passages between the workshops, but the density of this laconic and pragmatic street network is more than half the norm. The norm is 8 kilometers per sq. meter, the density of factory streets - 3.1 km / sq. m.
The participants in the 2nd stage competition are tasked with designing a logical internal street network, taking into account the required number of passages for emergency vehicles and linking new streets to existing highways, junctions and intersections.
Greens
Today the territory of the plant, like almost any industrial zone, has practically no green spaces at all.
The closest thing, at the northern corner of the Hammer and Sickle, is the Krasnokursantskaya Square and the public garden. There are small green zones at the exits of the Ploschad Ilyicha and Aviamotornaya metro stations, but there is only one real full-fledged park in the entire Lefortovo area - Lefortovo (the remainder of the park of the Catherine Palace, formerly called Anenhof). Its area is 32 hectares, but from the border of the factory territory to the park - about a kilometer on foot. Other green areas are located even further, mainly along the Yauza.
That is why the organizers of the competition intend to fundamentally solve the "green" issue - the TOR requires to provide for the maximum possible greening inside the territory. Trees, shrubs and flower beds should appear not only on the streets, squares and pedestrian zones of the new district, but also on the stylobates and terraces of buildings. Part of the complex landscaping should be the emergence of a green perimeter on the border of the territory.
Tasks for the participants of the competition
According to Sergei Kuznetsov, the Hammer and Sickle area should become “a territory of high-quality architecture,” safe, comfortable, permeable, affordable and diverse.
Participants in the competition must propose an architectural and urban planning concept for the development of the entire territory of the large "triangle", with a total area of 87 hectares (only 60 of them, as we remember, belong to the Hammer and Sickle plant). In addition, it is required to develop not only the layout of the master plan, traffic and pedestrian traffic, but also the architectural concept of each building within the future area.
The result of the urban planning transformation of the territory of the Hammer and Sickle plant should be the formation of an urban environment commensurate with man and the spatial environment with a developed infrastructure, a system of open public spaces and recreational areas integrated into the urban fabric and “meeting the requirements of sustainable development of the environment”. The second stage of the competition will include 5 finalists, whose works will receive a rating from 1 to 5.
According to the organizers of the competition, a truly unique and recognizable architectural project will be found during the competition for the multifunctional development of the plant's territory, the implementation of which should turn the neglected industrial zone into a modern and attractive district of Moscow.
