The project for the building of a new hospital in Kommunarka won the competition held in 2016, and then, without significant deviations from the general planning concept, was implemented by the winners - Vladimir Plotkin and TPO "Reserve". In July 2019, he received the architectural award from the Mayor and the Arch Council of Moscow, around then it became known that the project was shortlisted by the WAF.
The clinic was designed and built as an extension of the Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 40 - multidisciplinary, "the most modern and high-tech", with new treatment options for cancer patients, heart attacks and strokes, emergency operating rooms.
The hospital was planned primarily as a place of treatment for residents of the TyNAO, Yuzhny Butov, Solntsev and Novoperedelkin, areas where, according to
According to the mayor of Moscow, about 5 million people live within a 10 km radius. The building began to be built in January 2017; three years later, on December 27, 2019, four buildings of the first stage were solemnly opened: a ward for 606 beds, the main one - treatment and diagnostic, auxiliary and pathological anatomical with morphological and genetic laboratories. In the second stage, it is planned to complete the children's building, a maternity hospital and an ambulance station in the eastern part of the territory, their frames have basically already been erected, but the work is not finished.
In March 2020, the hospital, barely opening, was the first to receive patients with suspected Covid-19 before anyone else in Russia, and soon became practically a symbol of the fight against the pandemic. In the first half of May, the number of patients here fluctuated around 500, at the end of April north of the medical center
began construction of a rapidly erected coronavirus center, reportedly for the treatment of patients, with an additional 500 beds. Who now does not know the chief physician of Kommunarka Denis Protsenko. And the facades of the building have become more than recognizable, although the subtleties of the architectural solution and the plans for multidisciplinary treatment in the midst of the epidemic faded into the background - let's hope that it is still temporary.
It is certainly fortunate that at least half of the new, well-equipped hospital opened before the start of the pandemic, but for now I want to think that someday life will return to normal and the hospital will not work in an emergency mode, but according to the set of medical specialties originally planned here.
So, the medical complex is located 4 km from the Moscow Ring Road along the Kaluzhskoe highway, in the center of the territory allotted for the Kommunarka Administrative and Business Center (ADC) - the control center for the "prominence" of the territories of New Moscow. Its closest neighbor - the building of the prefecture of Troitsky and Novomoskovsky districts (TINAO) completed in 2017 - was also built according to the TPO "Reserve" project, it is located closer to the highway and to the north. The rest of the territory, which borders the Kommunarskaya metro line under construction in the east, and the built Sokolnicheskaya line in the west, has not yet been developed and, in fact, is a construction site of the future cleared of vegetation.
Meanwhile, the general plan assumed the placement around housing, planned for blocks, tending to a square with a side of about 135 m; some of the streets between them have already been mapped out. The site of the hospital, stretching from north to south, occupied an area of about seven such squares, and its layout took up the matrix of the quarter's layout, albeit with an amendment towards a slightly greater compactness and indentation from the borders, where open parking lots are planned along the perimeter.
The complex consists of nine buildings lined up in three lines. Two of them, on the sides, are designed as U-shaped "frames" open on one side, between which quite a few courtyards and courtyards of different types are formed, from green to fully paved. The idea is to create varied but separate walking areas.
Another idea is a little more abstract, but also readable: although the territory of hospitals will probably always be surrounded by fences, the architects interpreted it not as a “fortress” closed in itself, but, on the contrary, visually revealed it. So from the window it will be possible to look not only at the hospital yard, but, for the most part, outward.
The central line - the axis, or ridge, coincides with the line of the street coming from the north, from the Kaluga highway and from the prefecture. It is a string of three narrow and extended buildings: unfinished outpatient, medical and diagnostic and auxiliary. The first is intended for treatment without hospitalization, it is, in essence, a polyclinic or CDC, the place where the hospital communicates most with the city - it is pushed forward, to the very border of the territory; he will greet those arriving.
The protruding small 7-storey tower of the outpatient building looks like the head of a certain creature, especially if you compare the volumes on the sides of the ridge with paws or wings. It is not only pushed forward, but also overcomes a small height difference, about a meter: in the early version it was proposed to solve it in the form of a bridge, but then the hull moved even further.
The completed and operational medical building - the main place of work of doctors - follows the same central line right after the outpatient. Its facades are mostly glass, it is stretched in depth, separated from the side buildings by passages, but with four of them it is connected by closed hinged passages in two levels.
This greatly facilitates movement: the medical building is the core of the hospital, and the path to it is shortened as much as possible.
The main entrance to the medical building and to the hospital in general is also arranged from the northern end, right behind the CDC, through a small vestibule with a round light lens overhead - into a two-tiered atrium lobby. Its space is almost completely white; the balconies, reception desk and benches at the base of the round columns are streamlined and accentuated by flexible lines of white light. Light stripes also form a decorative grid of triangles on the central "pillar" - a volume on the front surface of which a navigation diagram is applied, and which hides the elevators. The interior, luminous and fluid, may resemble the foyer of the Zaryadye concert hall - remotely, of course, and adjusted for a different scale and function.
-
Image 
zooming 1/3 Multidisciplinary medical center "Novomoskovsky" in Kommunarka © TPO "Reserve"
-
zooming 2/3 Multidisciplinary medical center "Novomoskovsky" in Kommunarka © TPO "Reserve"
-
zooming 3/3 Multidisciplinary medical center "Novomoskovsky" in Kommunarka © TPO "Reserve"
Two escalators lead from the atrium to the second floor, to the entrances to the conference room: in it, white is balanced with black, curves give way to faceted planes. The panels on the ceiling, like the layered structure of the walls, visually expand the space. The ledges of the wall surfaces, finished with plaster of a golden ocher hue, are illuminated by reflected light - it emphasizes the plastic, highlights the passages, but, since it is not too bright, does not distract.
The built and operating ward building is located to the west. It is larger than others and resembles the letter Ш in plan - a channel stretched along the entire medical building, with three sticks-wings on the sides of two courtyards. Between the medical building and the ward building there are two groups of hinged passages, in addition, communication can be provided by the general tier of the underground space. The courtyards between the wings are arranged in different ways: one, the northern one, is completely open, the second is occupied by a stylobate with entrances to the ambulance reception block - inside it is illuminated by wide cones of overhead lights.
On the roof of the stylobate of the southern courtyard, landscaping and the possibility of walking are planned; a laconic black staircase with a spectacular rounding at the turn leads to it, in the strict, white and laconic structure of the building, it becomes a noticeable accent and is perceived almost like an art object.
The actual image of the building is built on a thin, white and strictly vertically oriented grid of walls - it, first of all, provides commonality with the building of the TyNAO prefecture, emphasizing the unity of the ensemble of two buildings, "strung" on a common axis and forming, in essence, the core of the future administrative center.
The prefecture building is smaller, but definitely perceived as more significant thanks to the energetic "comma" shape, which faces the hospital with its circular cylindrical side, and the large, two-story grid scale.
The shape of the hospital building is simpler and more practical, and the grid of its facades, more "humane" one-story, is enlivened by the sunny yellow color of the walls, a classic technique that may remind Le Corbusier's "Marseilles Unit". Colored piers are grouped into groups of 2, 4 and 6, asymmetrically distributed along the facades and give colored spots in the future.
Another blotch of color arises from the navigation inserts: each building has its own shade, ward building number 1 - blue-green.
The color is almost invisible from the front. But the grid is also enlivened by pauses - strips of glass without a vertical cut, and their antipodes, white rectangles that appear around the entrances and, mainly, at the ends of the glass ribbons: as if someone brushed a few walls to the side with a finger, and they gathered on edge. All this forms a kind of still life on the facades, a game akin to a musical or mathematical one.
From time to time, a more complex topic arises: for example, the inner end walls of the courtyards are "stratified" by large zigzags, which mask and shape the differences in tiers - the extended part of the ward building rises twice from north to south.
Small terraces appear in the zigzags, at the level of the 2nd and 5th floors, which are also likely to give doctors and patients the opportunity to breathe a little fresh air. So, yes, everything is simple, but not entirely simple; many nuances are possible within the system.
Nevertheless, the system incorporated in these facades requires great precision and accuracy. Therefore, the protrusion of the technical floor is completely masked by the wall of the attic - it is because of it that the upper tier is two-story, which looks quite orderly. But, most importantly, no extra protrusions are completely visible from anywhere except from above, and the contour of the volume is sharply completed. Definitely, with a techie box on top, the impression would be different.
Meanwhile, the hospital is a complex conglomerate, recall that there are 9 buildings here and only 4 of them have been commissioned. It could not become completely mesh, the body received a strict structure, which is located on the direct line of sight with the prefecture building, the rest of the volumes were solved differently. So, the auxiliary volume behind the therapeutic one in the depths of the territory is burgundy-red, which contrasts with whiteness and glass. The windows of the children's hospital and the maternity hospital received wide square outlines, and the silhouette of the central medical building is stepped, lively, which is clearly visible next to the strict outline of its western neighbor and emphasized white inserts scattered over the glass surface, as if suspended in the air.
-
zooming 1/3 Multidisciplinary medical center "Novomoskovsky" in Kommunarka © TPO "Reserve"
-
zooming 2/3 Multidisciplinary medical center "Novomoskovsky" in Kommunarka © TPO "Reserve"
-
zooming 3/3 Abulatory building, project, 2015. Multidisciplinary medical center "Novomoskovsky" in Kommunarka © TPO "Reserve"
Of course, a hospital of this level and degree of complexity is a city within a city, a system with internal laws, and the more reasonable they are, the better. The hospital is not a representative building, moreover, it is being built with municipal, albeit capital, funds, which makes savings, one way or another, inevitable: in the case of a medical building, it is obvious that it is better to spend money not on expensive facades, but on equipment. So here we are definitely dealing with a solution built on a rational approach - to the organization of traffic at the entrance and inside, to lighting and to the alternation of volumes and courtyards. But rationality also manifests itself in proportioning: in a light grid, a complete absence of visual pressure, the "positive" of yellow flashes, the glow of a tall white lobby. It is difficult to say how important architecture is to a sick person. And yet - it's good that they didn't save on proportions.
