The annual review-competition of diploma works of architectural universities of Russia was held in early October in Zheleznovodsk. It was held by the Academy of Architecture and Art of the Southern Federal University under the patronage of the Interregional Public Organization for the Promotion of Architectural Education (MOOSAO) and the Educational and Methodological Association of Russian universities for architecture education (UMO).
This year, a joint jury of Archiprix Russia and the Yakov Chernikhov Foundation worked as part of the show.
The works of graduates at the competition are evaluated in terms of conceptual component, innovation and graphic skill.
The jury included:
- Oskar Mamleev, Professor of Moscow Architectural Institute and MARCH, Director of the Russian Regional Branch of ARCHIPRIX
- Andrey Chernikhov, President of the Foundation. Yakov Chernikhova
- Alexey Muratov, partner of KB Strelka
- Dmitry Likin, partner of WOWHAUS bureau
- Tatiana Shulika, professor, deputy. head Department of Moscow Architectural Institute
- Vitaly Samorogov, professor, head. Department of SamGASU
5 projects were awarded with Archiprix Russia diplomas. Sufficiently competent, professional works were presented for the review, but none of them met the necessary criterion of creativity, opening new horizons of architectural thinking. Therefore, the jury decided not to award the Yakov Chernikhov Foundation Prize.
Below are the projects awarded with Archiprix Russia diplomas.
Anomy as a new tool for urban development
Yulia Zarechkina / Ufa State Petroleum Technical University
Head: prof. Baimuratov R. F., Assoc. Baimuratova S. Kh.
The development of the city and the formation of the urban environment are inextricably linked with historical processes, political events, changes in society, scientific discoveries. In order to understand the state of a modern city, it is necessary to consider the dynamics of its development, diagnose the period of decline or rise and understand what caused it. And also to understand whether the city goes through the same periods of crisis and recovery as the society, what characterizes these periods, what are the ways to overcome the state of crisis in the urban environment.
The transition period is the objective state of modern society. This is stated in a number of sciences and concepts: the state of transition from an industrial society to a post-industrial one, from an analogue world to a digital one, from one technological structure to another. In Russia, this period is complemented by the conditions of the transition from socialism to capitalism, from a planned to a market economy, from a class society to a civil society.
The period of the crisis, by analogy with many related sciences, was called anomie. Anomie in sociology is the absence of a clear system of social norms, the destruction of the unity of culture, as a result of which the life experience of people ceases to correspond to ideal social norms. More generally, anomie characterizes a state of crisis, chaos, disintegration and decay.
The transition from an industrial society to a post-industrial one is inevitably accompanied by a state of anomalous disintegration of society. In post-Soviet countries, this process became widespread in the 90s of the XX century and continues to this day.
In the course of the study, in relation to the urban planning plane, a number of crisis periods and a range of global problems characteristic of modern cities were also identified. Three main groups of manifestations of anomie in the city were identified: socio-cultural (changes at the level of a person's self-awareness and perception of the city), economic and managerial (urban planning policy) and spatial (reflection in the city space).
Based on these manifestations, a certain toolkit was identified, which in one way or another is aimed at these crisis phenomena. For each block of problems, a number of cases were selected to overcome them.
Historical evolution and modern approaches to the design of urban markets
Alina Georgievskaya / Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Head: Cand. architecture, prof. Danilova E. V. Assoc. Valshin R. M.
The dissertation research examines the question of rethinking the role of markets in the urban structure as a new type of public space that supports urban traditions and is a center for exchange between communities, not only economically, but also socially.
Despite the fact that markets are the most public spaces, today their impact on the city is almost not taken into account, and the architecture and role are poorly understood. The relevance of the research is determined by the search for new forms of the market and functional programs that meet the requirements of the modern consumer.
Among the main findings of the study are:
- the radius of market access and the connection to the transport cage have been important factors throughout history;
- for the prosperity of the market, its functional saturation is necessary;
- the market can be combined with any function, while the economy itself forms the request, creating the uniqueness of the object;
- the absence of capital legitimate markets encourages illicit trade. Regardless of the prohibitions, market trade has existed and will exist, the only question is what quality and in what form.
As a result of the analysis of six global cities (Paris, Barcelona, London, Amsterdam, Chicago, Moscow), where the quantity, functional composition and specificity of each market in the urban planning context were revealed, an organic and inextricable connection between the market and the urban structure is obvious, which enhances its importance. …
The concept of the market on Khlebnaya Square in the city of Samara involves combining market trade with cultural functions, educational sites and apartments. The market in this project is a living, interactive space that meets the modern needs of a city dweller, as well as a platform for communication between local communities.
International art center within the cluster of theatrical, musical and visual arts "The NEXT Helsinki"
Artem Skalkin / Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy)
Head: hands. prof. Shutikov A. V., Assoc. Perekladov A. A., Assoc. V. V. Kiselev
The project was initially prepared as a proposal for a strategy for the development of the South Harbor of the city of Helsinki within the framework of the open international competition THE NEXT HELSINKI. Later it was developed and supplemented to a thesis.
The project is developed at several levels of work with the environment:
- as a global concept for the unification of the Gulf of Finland countries through a network of cultural centers in each city. Also, a "museum" sea route is being formed between these cities. In each such center, the country's art is opposed to others in the form of a dialogue of exhibition spaces.> As part of an urban pedestrian framework formed from the values of Helsinki (such as parks, museums, theaters, pedestrian zones) through a special form of landscaping. This frame is built on the principle of a yellow brick road - wherever you go, you will come to one of the iconic places of the city without guides or maps. Such a system sets the scenarios for walks and helps the city to reveal itself.
- as a utilitarian urban structure that can change over time (its flexibility provides the ability to change its function). This structure lives in parallel with the city's promenade-promenade - at the same time it has noticeable lighthouse-entrances, and is integrated into the environment, preserving the identity of the city and its perception.
[ARTesium] is a kind of monastery of art, where an artist can live, work or study, and the visitor can get to know the culture of the Baltic countries through 5 courtyards of human senses. In the courtyard of view, a collection is presented in the usual sense in the form of sculpture, painting and graphics. The space of touch represents the modern direction of touch art (from the English touch - touch). The auditorium is filled with small rooms for musical and poetry performances, as well as lectures and presentations. The olfactory courtyard is presented as a garden of local Finnish flora, and the taste courtyard is a large-scale food court.
All these courtyards are surrounded by functional "cells" with exhibition spaces, art residences, an educational center, and workshops. The courtyard of taste, for example, includes not only a food court and national restaurants, but also a culinary school. In addition, at the level of the embankment, there is also an infrastructure in the form of shops and cafes, entrance blocks of the art center and bike rental points.
The Finland Pavilion exists in dialogue and opposition with the rest of the museum, as a symbol of the place. Its shape is dictated by national motives, a philosophical image, and specific points of Helsinki (the Deer Horn is a national symbol, its rays are directed to the Cathedral and Assumption Cathedrals and the old market square. The basis for the horn is a reference to the Baltic skerries and pine forests). Opposite it is the Forum Chalice, a think tank with art critics, curators and a multifunctional lecture hall that can open up like a bump.
The cultural space [ARTesium] does not negate the main function of the old harbor, but, on the contrary, emphasizes it, being a reference to dry docks and shipyards.
Business class hotel complex in Samara
Tatiana Spiridonova / Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Head: prof. Pastushenko V. L., Assoc. Rybacheva O. S.
The hotel is located in a forest near the entrance to the city along the M5 highway. Functionally, this is a business-class hotel. The architectural concept is based on the idea of "transparency" of the spatial and planning structure of the building for the external environment. The effect of transparency is achieved due to the open structure of plans and sections of the object, the disclosure of the interiors of the courtyards of the object to the outside through large through openings. Separate blocks of the hotel are connected by open galleries and passages. The slopes included in the perimeter of the complex are preserved in their natural state. The atmosphere of the hotel is permeated with the smells and sounds of the forest. The forest "penetrates" into the object, images of wildlife form the visual scenarios of the hotel's public and residential spaces. The seasons change landscape paintings behind stained-glass windows and windows and "work" on the design of the interior space of the object.
The hotel is a multifunctional complex with rooms, a restaurant, a business area, a fitness club with a swimming pool, an exhibition hall, a conference hall, a summer amphitheater with a stage and two detached cottages. The difference in relief influenced the architectural and planning solution of the hotel. As a result, some of the hulls are raised above the ground on supports, while others are cut into the relief. In the plan, the functional blocks form inner courtyards, which open outward through long horizontal openings of the buildings on the supports.
The hotel consists of a main three-storey building, which includes: the main entrance, a restaurant, offices, 20 residential rooms, two conference rooms; two residential buildings with 28 rooms and 21 rooms; two cottages for VIP guests, 2 rooms each. All blocks of the complex are interconnected on two levels: at elev. +0.000 m and at elevation -3.300 m. One of the compositional centers of the hotel space is the street amphitheater with the volume of the conference hall hanging over it at the level of the 2nd floor. To illuminate the space of the amphitheater with natural light, the volume of the overhanging conference room is divided by a through opening of the overhead light. In the decoration of the facades of the building, natural aged materials were used: wood, metal, sandy-gray plaster, which made it possible to organically integrate the object into the color and light environment of the natural landscape.
Technical and economic indicators:
- The total area of the building is 8320 m2;
- Building area - 3460 m2;
- Construction volume - 29,900 m3;
- Number of rooms - 73;
- Number of parking spaces 55
Project of a research magnetometric station in extreme conditions of the Arctic
Ayuna Mitupova / Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy)
Head: prof. Kulish V. O., senior teacher Samoilova N. I., construct. Ermolov V. V.
The idea of the project is to create a mobile research station that adapts to the conditions of a changing environment.
The design solution is a kinematic mechanism of a movable geodesic shell to recreate the creeping locomotion of the entire station volume using the latest research in the field of robotics (patent of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio). In accordance with the symmetric radial structure of the shell, the internal volumes of the capsules are fixed to it by movable cables in the direction of constant angular vectors. The structure of the Inner Capsules is based on the gyroscope principle, which gives us a strong stabilizing system for connecting and maintaining a constant level of human habitat platforms.
The capsule principle with flexible connecting rings provides a segmented structure of internal saturation, which gives freedom of movement and also provides for a variety of functional uses of individual capsules and the possibility of independent life support in case of an emergency.
All this provides a strong stabilizing system for connecting the inner shell to the outer drive system (propulsion system). The engine is located in the engine compartments of the station, fixed to the drive discs at both ends of the station, which provides us with push-pull motion.
The general flexible configuration of the station makes it possible to lengthen it and thereby expand the living space. And also the possibility of multiple compositions of the weave of a given station. From an architectural point of view, of interest is the possibility of smooth connection of premises of various functions and at the same time good logistics within the entire volume of the station, therefore, each capsule has its own exit, and its modularity of structures also provides for the possibility of reconfiguring the capsules.
At the moment of stabilization on the water plane 2 (3, 4, etc.), the stations roll up into a loop (knot, torus) and inflate ballast in the interspace of the inner and outer shells - looping into an endless tape inside, simulating a full-fledged living space for living on the water …
Resources required. The use of innovative materials, in order to maximally lighten the structure (the need to stay afloat, as well as on an ice layer (max load up to 9 tons). The use of carbon technologies, the latest developments in the field of energy on alternative sources, knowledge and advice on robotics and mechanics, and the main thing is the development of a common strategy for a comprehensive solution to the problem.
Expected results and effects. The development of one of the fundamental regions of our planet and the disclosure of the phenomenon of magnetometry and magnetic anomalies, observation of the Arctic environment, the provision of all the necessary conditions for this, as well as dehydration of human habitation and habitation in extreme environments. (The Arctic is not the only possible region for the application of this project concept)
